Dwarfism is an autosomal recessive disease, so the disease affects individuals who receive a mutated gene from both parents.
The disease is caused by a deletion of the 7 bp repeat in intron 5 of the LHX3 gene, in one German Shepherd the insertion of the trinucleotide sequence ACA in exon 5 of the same gene was observed.
GenoCan detects both mutations leading to a dwarfism.
The Czechoslovakian Wolfdog was originally bred for working border patrol in Czechoslovakia in the 1950s. It was created by breeding the German Shepherd Dog and the Carpathian Wolf. They are currently used in Europe and the United States for search and rescue, tracking and agility. Wolfdogs were bred for versatility and durability in harsh natural conditions. They have an excellent eyesight, hearing and sense of smell and are known for their superior endurance and stamina. Czechoslovakian Wolfdogs have a strong pack instinct left over from wolves, breeding is not recommended for inexperienced breeders.
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